Operators: Arithmetic, Comparison, Logical

Operators are the symbols that tell Python to perform specific computations. Python has a rich set of operators that cover arithmetic, comparisons, logic, and more.

Arithmetic Operators

Floor Division and Modulo with Negatives

Floor division rounds toward negative infinity, not toward zero:

Modulo follows the sign of the divisor:

Useful Arithmetic Patterns

Comparison Operators

Comparison operators return True or False:

Chained Comparisons

Python supports chaining comparison operators naturally:

Identity vs Equality

Logical Operators

Short-Circuit Evaluation

Python's and and or use short-circuit evaluation — they stop as soon as the result is determined:

Practical Uses of Short-Circuit

Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators work on the binary representation of integers:

Common bitwise patterns:

Operator Precedence

When operators appear together, Python uses precedence rules (highest to lowest):